RAIL FREIGHT

Types of Rail Freight

treno merci
The full-train mode of transportation does not change from departure to arrival, which allows efficient transit time. Full train is particularly suitable for customers who need long and heavy trains with high performance.

International trains originate from or are destined for Germany, France, Belgium, Holland, Austria and Switzerland. In addition, GFD also carries out domestic transports having origin and destination in Italy.

Scheduling a complete train means enjoying:

  • a custom-built product: relationships, timing, frequency of transportation, ancillary services
  • certainty of supply of the appropriate wagons for their freight
  • possibility of transporting in a single solution up to 1,000 tons of cargo
  • regularity and reliability of shipments
  • logistics solutions built on production cycles
  • capillarity of transport
Single wagon transportation bases its strength on the presence of an intermediate sorting facility within the transport chain. Between origin and destination, the rail car can travel on several trains so as to optimize its movement from both a production and economic point of view. The most suitable transports for this type are those that involve transporting the equivalent of a few railcars per week or goods that, over the course of the year, have a seasonality that otherwise could not be met.

Single wagon services also seem to be particularly used for transporting specific types of goods, as revealed by the research "Single Wagonload Traffic in Europe: challenges, prospects and policy options ". Analysis of the results of the interviews and questionnaires prepared ad hoc for that research identified the main traffic segments moved in the selected countries, namely:

  • Basic metals, products of the metallurgical industry;
  • chemical products;
  • coal and lignite; oil and LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas);
  • heavy industry (including means of transportation);
  • products of agriculture.

This suggests how the evolution of single wagon transport is probably also related to the specific market dynamics of these commodity categories. The correlation between the evolutionary trend of diffuse traffic and the evolution of overland transport of certain goods seems to be verified for products of the metal industry, heavy industry (with particular reference to transport equipment) and products of agricult

Combined transport, i.e., the transport of material in a single loading unit on several vehicles, offers significant advantages. Only the loading and unloading route is carried out by road using trucks.

The main transportation, and thus much of the total route, is by rail.

By Ministerial Decree No. 28T of February 15, 2001, the Ministry of Transport implemented Directive 92/106/EEC of December 7, 1992, on the establishment of common rules for certain combined transport of goods between member states of the European Union (EU) or members of the European Economic Area (EEA) Agreement, by which such transport was exempted from any quotas and authorizations.
Ai sensi dell’art. 1 del predetto D.M. per “trasporto combinato” si intendono i trasporti di cose tra gli Stati membri dell’UE o aderenti all’accordo sull SEE nei quali l’autocarro, il rimorchio, il semirimorchio con o senza veicolo trattore, la cassa mobile o il contenitore (di 20 piedi e oltre) effettuano la parte iniziale o terminale del tragitto su strada e l’altra parte per ferrovia, per via navigabile o per mare.

RAIL FREIGHT TRANSPORT IN THE EU

The EU's new infrastructure policy has tripled the funding granted by the Union to the transport sector to 26 billion euros over the period from 2014 to 2020 by focusing it on a new, precisely defined core network.

The new core network will form the main transport arteries in the European single market and will remove bottlenecks, modernize infrastructure and streamline cross-border transport operations for passengers and businesses across the EU. Nine major transport corridors will be created for its implementation, with the cooperation of member states and stakeholders, which will allow resources to be focused and results to be achieved.
The new TEN-T core network will rest on an organic network of links feeding into the core network at regional and national levels. The ultimate goal is to ensure that progressively, by 2050, the vast majority of European citizens and businesses are no more than 30 minutes' travel time away from the core network.

The Italian network

The Italian railway network is structured and equipped to allow the movement of freight trains of different transport operators.
The State Railways provides operators and companies with the freight trains that run daily on the network, regular lines, and more than 200 dedicated facilities, including interchange areas between rail and road transport (the intermodal centers), rail yards for loading and unloading goods, and junctions for direct connection between production facilities and the rail network.
Nell’analisi del contesto europeo, i corridoi ferroviari sono poi parte dei Corridoi Ten.
The Trans-European Railway Network (TEN) is a rail network project consisting of the set of major routes through the individual nations that make up the European Union; these were identified and determined with the adoption of Decision 1962/96/EC on July 23, 1996.
Subsequently, Decision 884/2004/EC extended its application to the new accession countries. The purpose of the TEN is to proceed to ensure the rebalancing of road and rail freight transport in order to reduce the economic gap between leregions of the European continent and promote their development by rationalizing and making infrastructure compatible and interoperable.

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